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The purpose of this study was to identify predictors of healthy arterial aging (long-term coronary artery calcification [CAC] of 0) among individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS) or type 2 diabetes (T2D), which may improve primary prevention strategies.<br /><br /> Individuals with MetS or T2D have a heterogeneously increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and not all have a high-intermediate risk.<br /><br /> We included 574 participants from the MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) with MetS or T2D who had CAC=0 at baseline and a repeat CAC scan 10 years later. Multivariable logistic regression assessed the association of traditional and novel atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk factors and the MetS severity score (based on the 5 MetS criteria) with healthy arterial aging.<br /><br /> The mean age of participants was 58.9 years, 67% were women, 422 participants had MetS, and 152 had T2D. The proportion with long-term CAC=0 was similar for MetS (42%) and T2D (44%). A younger age was the only individualT2D and baseline CAC=0 had long-term absence of CAC, which was most strongly associated with an absence of extracoronary atherosclerosis and a low MetS score. An optimal overall cardiovascular profile appears to be more important than an ideal value of any individual risk factor to maintain healthy arterial aging.<br /><br /> The association between extracellular volume (ECV) measured by computed tomography angiography (CTA) and clinical outcomes was evaluated in low-flow low-gradient (LFLG) aortic stenosis (AS) patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR).<br /><br /> Patients with LFLG AS comprise a high-risk group with respect to clinical outcomes. Although ECV, a marker of myocardial fibrosis, is traditionally measured with cardiac magnetic resonance, it can also be measured using cardiac CTA. The authors hypothesized that in LFLG AS, increased ECV may be associated with adverse clinical outcomes.<br /><br /> In 150 LFLG patients with AS who underwent TAVR, ECV was quantified using pre-TAVR CTA. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/ms-275.html MS275] Echocardiographic and clinical information including all-cause death and heart failure rehospitalization (HFH) was obtained from electronic medical records. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate the association between ECV and death+HFH.<br /><br /> During a median follow-up of 13.9months (range 0.07 to 28.9months), there were 31 death+HFH events (21%). Patients who experienced death+HFH had a greater median Society of Thoracic Surgery score (9.9 vs. 4.7; p&lt;0.01), lower left ventricular ejection fraction (42.3 ± 20.2% vs. 52.7 ± 17.2%; p&lt;0.01), lower mean transvalvular gradient (24.9 ± 8.9mmHg vs. 28.1 ± 7.3mmHg; p=0.04) and increased mean ECV (35.5 ± 9.6% vs. 29.9 ± 8.2%; p&lt;0.01) compared with patients who did not experience death+HFH. In a multivariable Cox proportional hazards model, increase in ECV was associated with increase in death+HFH, (hazard ratio per 1% increase 1.04, 95% confidence interval 1.01 to 1.09; p&lt;0.01).<br /><br /> In patients with LFLG AS, CTA measured increase in ECV is associated with increased risk of adverseclinical outcomes post-TAVR and may thus serve as a useful noninvasive marker for prognostication.<br /><br />In patients with LFLG AS, CTA measured increase in ECV is associated with increased risk of adverse clinical outcomes post-TAVR and may thus serve as a useful noninvasive marker for prognostication.<br /><br /> The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility and prognostic value of vasodilator stress perfusion cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).<br /><br /> Because most studies have excluded arrhythmic patients, the prognostic value of stress perfusion CMR in patients with AF is unknown.<br /><br /> Between 2008 and 2018, consecutive patients with suspected or stable chronic coronary artery disease and AF referred for vasodilator stress perfusion CMR were included and followed for the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular event(s) (MACE), defined as cardiovascular death or nonfatal myocardial infarction. The diagnosis of AF was defined by 12-lead electrocardiography before and after CMR. Univariate and multivariate Cox regressions were performed to determine the prognostic value of inducible ischemia or late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) by CMR.<br /><br /> Of 639 patients (mean age 72 ± 9 years, 77% men), 602 (94%) completed the CMR protocol, and 538 (89%) completed follow-up (median 5.1 years); 80 had MACE. Using Kaplan-Meier analysis, the presence of ischemia (hazard ratio [HR] 7.56; 95% confidence interval [CI] 4.86 to 11.80) or LGE (HR 2.41; 95%CI 1.55 to 3.74) was associated with the occurrence of MACE (p&lt;0.001 for both). In a multivariate Cox regression including clinical and CMR indexes, the presence of ischemia (HR 5.98; 95%CI 3.68 to 9.73) or LGE (HR 2.61; 95%CI 1.89 to 3.60) was an independent predictor of MACE (p&lt;0.001 for both).<br /><br /> In patients with AF, stress perfusion CMR is feasible and has good discriminative prognostic value topredict the occurrence of MACE.<br /><br />In patients with AF, stress perfusion CMR is feasible and has good discriminative prognostic value to predict the occurrence of MACE.<br /><br /> The purpose of this study was to explore speckle tracking echocardiographic right ventricular (RV) post-systolic strain patterns and their clinical relevance in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH).<br /><br /> The imaging of RV diastolic function in PAH remains incompletely understood.<br /><br /> Speckle tracking echocardiography of RV post-systolic strain recordings were examined in 108 consecutive idiopathic patients with PAH. Each of them underwent baseline clinical, hemodynamic, and complete echocardiographic evaluation and follow-up.<br /><br /> In total, 3 post-systolic strain patterns derived from the mid-basal RV free wall segments were identified. Pattern 1 was characterized by prompt return of strain-time curves to baseline after peak systolic negativity, like in normal control subjects. Pattern 2 was characterized by persisting negativity of strain-time curves well into diastole, before an end-diastolic returning to baseline. Pattern 3 was characterized by a slow return of strain-time curves to baseline during diastole.