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Bipolar Disorder (BD) is a chronic a multifactorial psychiatric illness that affects mood, cognition, and functioning. BD is associated with several psychiatric conditions as well clinical comorbidities, particularly cardiovascular diseases. The neurobiology of BD is complex and multifactorial and several systems have been implicated. Considering that the Renin Angiotensin System (RAS) plays an important role in cardiovascular diseases and that recently evidence has suggested its role in psychiatric disorders, the aim of the present study is to summarize and to discuss recent findings related to the modulation of RAS components in BD. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/apx2009.html click here] A systematic search of the literature using the electronic databases MEDLINE and LILACS was conducted through March 2019. The search terms were "Bipolar Disorder"; "Renin Angiotensin System"; "Angiotensin 2"; "Angiotensin receptors"; "Angiotensin 1-7"; "ACE"; "ACE2"; "Mas Receptor". We included original studies assessing RAS in BD patients. Two hundred twenty-two citations were initially retrieved. Eleven studies were included in our systematic review. In the majority of studies (6 of 8), the ACE insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism did not differ between BD patients and controls. BD patients presented higher plasma renin activity in comparison with controls. The studies evaluating the RAS molecules in BD are very scarce and heterogeneous. The literature suggests a potential role of RAS in BD. Further studies are necessary to investigate this relationship. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.BACKGROUND Ionic complementary peptide EAK-16 has been studies for anticancer drug delivery application. This is a 16 residues, short sequence peptide has ability to trosnform into micro/nanoparticle via self-assembly. However, it is still not clear that how this can bind with cell membrane to induce membrane leakage or delivering their cargo inside cell membrane. OBJECTIVE The main objective of this work was to understand behaviour of secondary structure conformation of peptide in solution and at lipid membrane interfaces and membrane permeability of synthetic ionic complementary peptide EAK-16. The corresponding secondary structure conformation was evaluated. METHODS We performed biophysical investigation to probe the interaction of synthesised ionic complementary peptide (EAK-16) with dimyristoylphospholcholine (DMPC) and dimyristoylphosphoserine (DMPS) membrane interfaces. The folding behaviours of EAK-16 were studied with Circular Dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. Membrane leakage with peptide was confirmed wnts along its previous drug delivery applications. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.Interactions between bovine β-lactoglobulin (BLG) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were studied at four different temperatures based on the Trp fluorescence quenching of BLG by AgNPs. Protein-nanoparticles association constant was in the range of 106-1010 M-1 and the quenching constant was determined as ~107 M-1. Ground state complexation between the protein and nanoparticles was predicted. Changes in polarity surrounding the Trp residue was not detected by synchronous and three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy. AgNPs caused a global change in the secondary and tertiary structure of the protein as revealed from far-UV and near-UV CD spectroscopy. Enthalpy driven complexation between the protein and nanoparticles indicates the involvement of hydrogen bonding and/or van der Waals interactions. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.BACKGROUND Under certain circumstances, the path for protein folding deviates and attains an alternative path forming misfolded states, which are the key precursors for protein aggregation. Protein aggregation is associated with aging, as well as variety of diseases and leads to the cytotoxicity. These protein aggregate related diseases have been untreated so far. However, extensive attempts have been applied to develop anti-aggregating agents as possible approaches to overcome protein aggregation. Different types of substances have been reported to halt or decrease the formation of ordered protein aggregates both in vitro and in vivo, such as polyphenols and metal ions. OBJECTIVE In the present study the in vitro aggregation of human serum albumin (HSA) by using a reactive dicarbonyl glyoxal has been investigated, simultaneously an attempt has been done to inhibit the glyoxal (GO) induced aggregation of (HSA) by caffeic acid (CA). METHODS Different methods have been employed to investigate the process, fluorescence spectroscopy, circular dichroism, cango red binding assay, thioflavin T dye binding, turbidimetric analysis, docking study and transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS Results have shown that elevated concentration of GO forms aggregates of HSA, and the activity of CA suggested the possibility of inhibiting the HSA aggregation at higher concentrations, and this compound was found to have an anti-aggregation property. CONCLUSION The present study explained that micro molar concentrations of CA inhibits the aggregation of HSA and showed pronounced anti-aggregation effect at increasing concentrations in the presence of GO which is elevated in diabetic and hyperglycaemia conditions. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.Background and Objective The aim of present study was to compare, and determine, the effects of a modified alternate-day fasting diet vs. calorie restriction on inflammatory indices and coagulation factors. Methods This was a randomized clinical trial consisting of 80 metabolic syndrome patients, who were enrolled and randomly dichotomized into a modified alternate-day fasting diet or calorie restriction group for 4 months. We measured weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumstance (WC), waist-hip-ratio (WHR) and fat mass as primary outcomes and assessed high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and coagulation factors levels as secondary outcomes before and after intervention. Results Compared to the calorie restriction diet, following a modified alternate-day fasting diet led to a greater reduction in body weight (kg) (-6.43&nbsp;±&nbsp;4.34 vs -4.11&nbsp;±&nbsp;4.27; P&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.02), BMI (kg/m2) (-3.19&nbsp;±&nbsp;2.90 vs -1.43&nbsp;±&nbsp;2.72; P&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.01), fat mass (kg) (-4.88&nbsp;±&nbsp;2.09 vs -3.