Zobrazení zdroje stránky Bruhndillard1928

Breast cancer is a heterogeneous malignancy and is the second leading cause of mortality among women around the world. Increasing the resistance to anti-cancer drugs in breast cancer cells persuades researchers to search the novel therapeutic approaches for the treatment of this malignancy. Among the novel methods, therapeutic peptides that target and disrupt tumor cells have been of great interest. Therapeutic peptides are short amino acid monomer chains with high specificity to bind and modulate a protein interaction of interest. Several advantages of peptides, such as specific binding on tumor cells surface, low molecular weight, and low toxicity on normal cells, make the peptides appealing therapeutic agents against solid tumors, particularly breast cancer. Also, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) describes therapeutic peptides as a suitable candidate for the treatment of drug-resistant breast cancer. In this review, we attempt to review the different therapeutic peptides against breast cancer cells that can be used in the treatment and diagnosis of the malignancy. Meanwhile, we presented an overview of peptide vaccines that have been developed for the treatment of breast cancer.<br /><br /> Recently, spinel structures (AB2O4) nanoparticles (NPs) having binary and ternary mixtures of metal oxides were established as promising redox catalysts. Due to the presence of two mixed valence metal cations transport of electrons takes place easily between multiple transition-metal cations with relatively low energy of activation.<br /><br /> Among these, spinel cobaltite (MCo2O4), are very attractive due to their low cost, non-toxicity, higher stability, higher electronic conductivity and electrochemical. To date, MCo2O4 have been used in the fabrication of super capacitors, electrodes for oxygen evolution reaction, and electrochemical sensors for glucose.<br /><br /> A variety of MCo2O4materials have been synthesized, characterized, and utilized in the fabrication of super capacitors, electrodes for oxygen evolution reaction, and electrochemical sensors for glucose.<br /><br /> The progress in the field of the spinel MCo2O4 materials opens the door to a slew of novel and efficient applications in the nanoscience and nanotechnology, and elctrochemistry.<br /><br />The progress in the field of the spinel MCo2O4 materials opens the door to a slew of novel and efficient applications in the nanoscience and nanotechnology, and elctrochemistry.From last two decades, extensive research is going on metal and metal oxide nanoparticles and their application in field of medical, cosmetic, catalyst, packaging, photonics, agriculture and electronics. However, these nanoparticles show toxicity to the environmental, human and animal health. The toxicity effects of nanoparticles are mainly due to its size which can be easily pass through physiological barriers and the other due to the synthesis procedure. The toxicity due to their size cannot be avoided but toxicity due to synthesis process can be nullified by adopting biosynthesis process. Bacteria, fungus, fish scales, plant extracts and algae are used to synthesize metal and metal-oxide nanoparticles such as silver, gold, iron-oxide, zinc-oxide, zirconia, etc. From last a few year researchers are working on plant extracts synthesis methods to produce stable, cost-effective and economical these nanoparticles. In this review, we focus on biosynthesis of nanoparticles using different parts of plant extracts. The review contains summary of selected papers from 2018 - 20 with detail description of process of synthesis, mechanism, characterization and their application in various fields of biosynthesized metal and metal oxide nanoparticles.<br /><br /> Aptamers are short single-stranded oligonucleotides; due to their 3D structure, they can specifically bind to various targets. They can target several molecules ranging from metal ions, organic components to proteins, and large cells.<br /><br /> According to the high affinity of aptamers, they can be used for diagnosis, therapeutic, vaccine development, and gene silencing applications. The conventional method for aptamer selection is known as the systematic evolution of ligands by exponential (SELEX). However, despite the efficiency of SELEX as a screening procedure, it is beneficial to develop more rational procedures for aptamer selection.<br /><br /> Herein, in silico approaches can play an effective role given their potential in representing an efficient, cost-effective, parallelizable, and rapid strategy. In recent years, several attempts have been applied to develop algorithms and software for the rational selection of aptamers. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/hdm201.html HDM201] However, there is still a need for more efforts to achieve the most efficient techniques in this area.<br /><br /> In this review, we aim to overview different computational approaches that are used for aptamer selection.<br /><br />In this review, we aim to overview different computational approaches that are used for aptamer selection.<br /><br /> Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) remains a surgical challenge. There are many recognizable markers associated with the formation of AAA. Previous experiments carried out on animal models have shown a correlation between serum calprotectin and the occurrence of AAA.<br /><br /> This study aimed to evaluate the level of calprotectin as a potential diagnostic biomarker in patients with diagnosed AAA.<br /><br /> The study group consisted of 75 patients aged 35-75 years who were assigned to two groups a control group (n=43) of healthy subjects without AAA and a study group (n=32) of patients with a diagnosed AAA. The first calprotectin test was performed upon patient admission to the hospital, and the second control test was performed after three months. The concentration of calprotectin in plasma was determined using the immunoenzymatic method (ELISA) with the commercially available Assaypro Kit (AssayMax™ Human Calprotectin ELISA Kit), as well as the sandwich method with polyclonal antibodies to human calprotectin and peroxidase enzyme.<br /><br /> Serum calprotectin levels in AAA patients were three times higher than in healthy subjects (p&lt;0.05). A statistically significant a twofold decrease in calprotectin concentration was observed after AAA surgery in comparison with the control group (p&lt;0.05).<br /><br /> Calprotectin levels can be an important marker in the detection of AAA. In conclusion, AAA patients showed a threefold increase in serum calprotectin level and a twofold decrease in this marker after AAA surgery.<br /><br />Calprotectin levels can be an important marker in the detection of AAA. In conclusion, AAA patients showed a threefold increase in serum calprotectin level and a twofold decrease in this marker after AAA surgery.