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297) or birth weight of the neonate (P = .318) among the distance subgroups. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/beta-aminopropionitrile.html read more] Overall, the fetuses were stillborn in 9 of 699 cases (1.29%). There was a statistically significant difference in a morbidly adherent placenta, placenta previa, and preterm labor, and their incidence increased with decreasing distance (P  less then  .001; P for trend less then .05). There was no statistically significant difference in uterine rupture (P = .597) or the delivery mode (P = .187) among the subgroups. CONCLUSIONS The relative positions of a CS scar and the gestational sac in the first trimester are associated with the incidence of placental abnormalities. As the distance decreases, the extent of a morbidly adherent placenta increases. © 2020 by the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine.Al Absi and colleagues report their early results of the Fontan procedure in 87 consecutive patients between August 2008 and July 2017 in a tertiary care hospital. The use of the intra/extracardiac fenestration is a promising modification because it is unlikely to be occluded by surrounding tissue and may be associated with decreased pleural effusions, length of hospital stay, and incidence of postoperative arrhythmias. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.BACKGROUND There are limited data on the phenotypic and dopamine transporter (DAT) imaging characterization of the Parkinson's disease (PD) patients with leucine rich kinase 2 (LRRK2) and glucosylceramidase beta (GBA) mutations. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to examine baseline clinical and DAT imaging characteristics in GBA and LRRK2 mutation carriers with early PD compared with sporadic PD. METHODS The Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative is an ongoing observational longitudinal study that enrolled participants with sporadic PD, LRRK2 and GBA PD carriers from 33 sites worldwide. All participants are assessed annually with a battery of motor and nonmotor scales, 123-I Ioflupane DAT imaging, and biologic variables. RESULTS We assessed 158 LRRK2 (89% G2019S), 80 GBA (89 %N370S), and 361 sporadic PD participants with the mean (standard deviation) disease duration of 2.9 (1.9), 3.1 (2.0), and 2.6 (0.6) years, respectively. When compared with sporadic PD, the GBA PD patients had no difference innd Movement Disorder Society.OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to explore the motivations of pregnant women in participating in an ultrasound study and the acceptability of vaginal ultrasound examinations. METHODS A prospective sample of 270 women were asked one question "Can you tell me what motivated you to participate in the study?" The data were then analyzed through a qualitative thematic analysis with an inductive approach. In addition to the thematic analysis, quantification of the data was performed to enhance the qualitative result. RESULTS Through the thematic analysis, 5 themes emerged from the responses of the participants altruism, research, personal experience, personal benefit, and finding out. All responses were relatively short, and some responses included more than one theme. CONCLUSIONS Vaginal ultrasound examinations were acceptable to the participants, and pregnant women had many motivations to participate. Regardless of race, ethnicity, or insurance status, the women in our study were altruistic and curious about our research. © 2020 by the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine.AIM Little is known about infant-directed speech addressed to preterm infants. The current study investigated the association between changes in preterm infant behavioural states and acoustical qualities of both maternal and paternal infant-directed speech. METHODS The mothers and fathers of 11 preterm infants participated in the study. Parents in turn were asked to talk freely to their infant over a 5-minute period. A total of 72 audio sequences were selected and analysed as a function of the behavioural states. RESULTS Acoustic analysis showed that the vocal qualities of both fathers' and mothers' speech were influenced by infant behaviour. Parental infant-directed speech was characterised by higher loudness and spectral related parameters when preterm infants were sleeping, or transiting from one state to another, than when they were awake. Furthermore, loudness and spectral flux were higher in maternal speech than in paternal speech and fathers used higher pitch, jitter and shimmer when they saw their preterm infant in an awake state, demonstrating that alertness in infants modulates the father's voice. CONCLUSION More research is needed to know whether other social partners' vocal qualities may also be related to infant behavioural state as such findings would have implications for clinical practice. © 2020 Foundation Acta Paediatrica. Published by John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd.AIM The aim of the study was to determine the psychophysiological response (Heart rate) of special health care needs to use of facemask-eyeshield and visor worn in a dental setting. SETTINGS AND DESIGN The cases for the present study were selected from special schools of Delhi-NCR. The patients selected were in IQ range 50-84 and children rated as positive or definitely positive according to Frankl's behavior rating scale. A total of 378 patients of age group 4-14 years were selected. METHODS AND MATERIAL Every child was made to sit and pulse oximeter was put on his/her finger to measure Baseline heart rate. Dental examination was done using a sterile mouth mirror (No. 5) and explorer. It was done in two phases for every child Patient underwent dental examination by clinician wearing (A) facemask-eyeshield (Euronda) and (B) visor (Oro). RESULTS The mean heart rate during dental examination wearing visor (81.55&nbsp;±&nbsp;17.54) was significantly lesser than during dental examination wearing facemask and eyeshield (84.49&nbsp;±&nbsp;17.96). CONCLUSIONS Dental anxiety levels were lower when the dentist used visor during the dental examination than when the dentist used facemask and eyeshield. © 2020 Special Care Dentistry Association and Wiley Periodicals, Inc.There has been a growing interest in developing methodologies to combine information from public domains to improve efficiency in the analysis of relatively small-scale studies that collect more detailed patient-level information. The auxiliary information is usually given in the form of summary statistics or regression coefficients. Thus, the question arises as to how to incorporate the summary information in the model estimation procedure. In this article, we consider statistical analysis of right-censored survival data when additional information about the covariate effects evaluated in a reduced Cox model is available. Recognizing that such external information can be summarized using population moments, we present a unified framework by employing the generalized method of moments to combine information from different sources for the analysis of survival data. The proposed estimator can be shown to be consistent and asymptotically normal; moreover, it is more efficient than the maximum partial likelihood estimator.