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Intra-articular distal radius fractures are difficult to reduce and maintain by nonoperative means. ORIF leaves implants in the patient long after the fracture is healed. External fixation can stabilize the reduced fracture and leaves no long-term implants. The nonbridging fixator (NBX) will provide better reduction and comparable rigidity of fixation to a volar plate for a 5-fragment, OTA 23 C3.2 distal radius fracture. A 5-part distal radius fracture was created in 5 pairs of cadaver arms. One arm was randomly fixed with the NBX fixator; the matched pair was fixed with a volar plate (VPS). Fluoroscopic images recorded the extremes of passive volar-dorsiflexion range of motion (ROM) and radial-ulnar deviation ROM. Each arm was loaded with an axial force at a constant displacement rate until failure. The average reduction of radial tilt achieved for the NBX group was 13.8 ± 4.8° and 6.3 ± 4.7° for VPS; radial length 3.4 ± 3.7 mm for NBX and 1.9 ± 1.0 mm for VPS; volar tilt 26.3 ± 12.4° for NBX and 14.0 ± 13.5° for VPS. For NBX, ROM was slightly less after fixation than before fracture. ROM with volar plating was greater after fracture. The peak axial load for NBX was 925 ± 445 N; for VPS, 2,152 ± 1023 N. NBX had minimal effect on ROM and provided adequate strength and restoration of alignment at least as good as VPS for this 5-part fracture model.Human cadavers currently represent the gold standard for spine biomechanical testing, but limitations such as costs, storage, handling, and high interspecimen variance motivate the development of alternatives. A commercially available synthetic surrogate for the human spine, the Sawbones spine model (SBSM), has been developed. The equivalence of SBSM to a human cadaver in terms of biomechanical behavior has not been fully assessed. The objective of this study is to compare the biomechanics of a lumbar tract of SBSM to that of a cadaver under physiologically relevant mechanical loads. An L3-S1 SBSM and 39 comparable human cadaver lumbar spine tracts were used. Each sample was loaded in pure flexion-extension or torsion. Gravity and follower loads were also included. The movement of each vertebral body was tracked via motion capture. The range of motion (ROM) of each spine segment was recorded, as well as the overall stiffness of each L3-S1 sample. The ROM of SBSM L3-L4 was larger than that found in cadavers in flexion-extension and torsion. For the other spine levels, the ROMs of SBSM were within one standard deviation from the mean values measured in cadavers. The values of structural stiffness for L3-S1 of SBSM were comparable to those of cadaveric specimens for both flexion and torsion. In extension, SBSM was more compliant than cadavers. In conclusion, most of the biomechanical properties of an L3-S1 SBSM model were comparable to those of human cadaveric specimens, supporting the use of this synthetic surrogate for testing applications.Tibial tubercle avulsion fractures are uncommon injuries that are seen mostly in adolescent male patients during athletic activities. The mechanism of injury usually involves a strong eccentric contraction of the quadriceps femoris muscle when the proximal tibial physis is closing, leading to failure of the physis at the patellar tendon insertion. The treatment of patients with tibial tubercle avulsion fractures depends on the fracture pattern; it can be conservative with immobilization in a long leg cast in extension for 6 weeks with minimal displacement ( less then 2 mm) and/or acceptable displacement after closed reduction/cast application. Or it can be surgical. This article presents a 14-year-old boy with an Ogden type IIIB tibial tubercle avulsion fracture that was misdiagnosed on radiographs at presentation as type IB. Open reduction and cannulated screw osteosynthesis was done. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/repsox.html RepSox molecular weight] The outcome was excellent after a 12-week rehabilitation protocol.Piriformis syndrome (PS), first described by Yeoman in 1928, is a general term referring to low back pain, sciatica, and instability. PS has a 6% incidence rate worldwide. In this study, we aim to retrospectively evaluate the effectiveness of computed tomography (CT)-guided percutaneous infiltration in a series of consecutive PS patients who have symptoms that are refractory to conservative therapies. An institutional database search identified 20 such consecutive patients who underwent infiltration with a mixture of long-acting corticosteroid and local anesthetic. Preoperational evaluation included physical examination and magnetic resonance imaging. The correct position of the 22-gauge spinal needle was verified with CT scan after contrast medium injection. Pain measured before the procedure and at 1 wk and 1, 6, and 12 mo after the procedure was compared by means of a numeric visual scale (NVS) questionnaire. The mean pain score before CT-guided percutaneous infiltration was 8.95 ± 1.432 NVS units. This score was reduced to a mean value of 0.85 ± 0.933 units at 1 wk, 0.90 ± 0.852 at 1 mo, 1.10 ± 1.165 at 6 mo, and 1.20 ± 1.399 at 12 mo follow-up (p less then 0.001). Two patients of 20 (10%) underwent a second infiltration that was performed at 7 and 10 d after the first, respectively. No complications were observed. CT-guided infiltration seems to be a feasible, efficacious, and safe approach for pain reduction and mobility improvement in patients with symptomatic PS.A dental implant is a surgical fixture that forms an interface with the jaw bone to support dental prostheses, including crowns, bridges, dentures, and facial prostheses; it can also act as an orthodontic anchor. A treatment for replacing missing teeth, a dental implant can last for the long term and requires adequate care and hygiene compared to fixed partial dentures (FPDs). Implant success relies on the strength of the individual who accepts this treatment, drugs that influence osseointegration odds, and oral tissue health. FPDs are prone to various complications including debonding, gingivitis, periodontitis, secondary caries, occlusal trauma, pulpal necrosis with associated periapical disease, and prosthesis fracture that usually occurs due to the porcelain material. In cases for which a fixed or nonremovable bridge has been planned, a temporary replacement is used until the permanent bridge is inserted. The aim of this study is to provide knowledge and awareness regarding dental implant treatment versus FPDs.