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quent scan (P= .14 for each).<br /><br /> Antibiotic treatment of amniotic fluid sludge is not associated with a reduction in premature birth. Likewise, antibiotic treatment of amniotic fluid sludge was not associated with improvement in other obstetric, neonatal, or pathologic variables. These findings suggest that the presumed infectious nature of sludge and subsequent adverse outcomes are not treated or improved by administration of azithromycin following midtrimester sonographic diagnosis.<br /><br />Antibiotic treatment of amniotic fluid sludge is not associated with a reduction in premature birth. Likewise, antibiotic treatment of amniotic fluid sludge was not associated with improvement in other obstetric, neonatal, or pathologic variables. These findings suggest that the presumed infectious nature of sludge and subsequent adverse outcomes are not treated or improved by administration of azithromycin following midtrimester sonographic diagnosis.<br /><br /> The incidence of diabetes in pregnancy has increased dramatically with the rising rates of obesity. Because there are a number of recognized adverse maternal and fetal outcomes associated with diabetes, there have been several attempts to classify this disorder for perinatal risk stratification. One of the first classification systems for pregnancy was developed by White nearly 70 years ago. More recently, efforts to stratify diabetic disease severity according to vasculopathy have been adopted. Regardless of classification system, vasculopathy-associated effects have been associated with worsening pregnancy outcomes. Defining vasculopathy within an organ system, however, has not been consistent. For example, definitions of diabetic kidney disease differ from the previously used threshold of ≥500 mg/d by White for pregnancy to varying thresholds of albuminuria by the American Diabetes Association.<br /><br /> To evaluate a proteinuria threshold that was a relevant determinant of perinatal risk in a cohort of women wircentile.<br /><br />300 mg/d was associated with preterm birth, preeclampsia with severe features, and birthweight less then 10th percentile.<br /><br /> Cesarean delivery is the most common inpatient surgery performed internationally. Although cesarean delivery is typically performed to prevent adverse maternal and fetal outcomes, there is still a risk of surgical errors and complications. This study examined maternal and hospital risk factors associated with errors and complications following cesarean delivery in the United States.<br /><br /> To determine the prevalence of, and associated individual- and hospital-level risk factors for, surgical errors and complications following cesarean delivery in the United States.<br /><br /> Data were obtained from the 2012-2014 National Inpatient Sample. Surgical errors (eg,. foreign body retained during surgery, anesthetic error) can be the result of human error, whereas complications (eg, mortality, postpartum hemorrhage) can be due to external factors such as pre-existing comorbidities. The overall prevalence of surgical errors and complications in cesarean delivery was calculated. Multilevel logistic regression models were used tonterval, 1.13-1.16). Similarly, rural hospitals had lower odds of surgical errors (odds ratio, 0.59; 95% confidence interval, 0.56-0.62) and complications (odds ratio, 0.61; 95% confidence interval, 0.59-0.62), whereas hospitals with a large bed number had greater odds of errors and complications than medium-bed size hospitals, at 1.13 (95% confidence interval, 1.09-1.17), and 1.13 (95% confidence interval, 1.11-1.15), respectively.<br /><br /> This study identified specific risk factors for errors and complications that can be further examined through quality improvement frameworks to reduce the prevalence of adverse maternal events during cesarean delivery.<br /><br />This study identified specific risk factors for errors and complications that can be further examined through quality improvement frameworks to reduce the prevalence of adverse maternal events during cesarean delivery.<br /><br /> Effective communication between providers of various disciplines is crucial to the quality of care provided on labor and delivery. The lack of standardized language for communicating the clinical urgency of cesarean delivery and the lack of standardized processes for responding were identified as targets for improvement by the Obstetric Patient Safety Committee at the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania. The committee developed and implemented a protocol aimed at improving the performance of our multidisciplinary team and patient outcomes.<br /><br /> To evaluate whether implementation of a multidisciplinary protocol that standardizes the language and process for performing unscheduled cesarean deliveries had reduced the decision to incision interval and improved maternal and neonatal outcomes.<br /><br /> This was a retrospective cohort study of patients who underwent unscheduled cesarean delivery pre- and postimplementation of a protocol standardizing language, communication, provider roles, and processes. The primaryions. Standardized process implementation on labor and delivery has the potential to improve patient outcomes.<br /><br />Implementation of a multidisciplinary process improvement protocol that standardizes language, roles, and processes for unscheduled cesarean deliveries was associated with a reduced decision to incision interval and improved maternal and neonatal outcomes in cesarean deliveries performed for nonfetal indications. Standardized process implementation on labor and delivery has the potential to improve patient outcomes.<br /><br /> Although an elevated early pregnancy hemoglobin A1c has been associated with both spontaneous abortion and congenital anomalies, it is unclear whether A1c assessment is of value beyond the first trimester in pregnancies complicated by pregestational diabetes.<br /><br /> We sought to investigate the prognostic ability of longitudinal A1c assessment to predict obstetric and neonatal adverse outcomes based on degree of glycemic control in early and late pregnancy.<br /><br /> This was a retrospective cohort study of all pregnancies complicated by pregestational diabetes from January 2012 to December 2016 at The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center with both an early A1c (&lt;20 weeks' gestation) and late A1c (&gt;26 weeks' gestation) available for analysis. Patients were categorized by good (early and late A1c &lt;6.5%), improved (early A1c &gt;6.5% and late A1c &lt;6.5%) and poor (late A1c &gt;6.5%) glycemic control. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Celastrol.html find more] A multivariate regression model was used to calculate adjusted odds ratios (aOR) for each identified obstetric and neonatal outcome, controlling for maternal age, body mass index, race/ethnicity, type of diabetes, and gestational age at delivery compared to good control as the referent group.