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CEUS has many similarities to contrast-enhanced CT and MRI but also unique differences, which are described. The integration of CEUS into a multimodality imaging setting optimizes patient care. The OH induced cellulose degradation was examined by analyzing the reaction products of Fenton's regents with cellobiose. Many degradation products including C2-C5 compounds such as oxaldehyde, malonaldehyde and 2-hydroxysuccinaldehyde were detected by GCMS analysis. Four reaction pathways for the formation of some degradation products were obtained from ReaxFF kinetics simulation and validated by the DFT quantum chemistry calculation at B3LYP/6-31+g(d,p) level. It was found that the H-abstraction from OH of the glucose unit by OH can cause saccharide ring open and breakage of the glycosidic bond. Pathways 1-4 showed that the glucose unit can react with OH consecutively to produce small molecular products with carbon atoms less than 6. This study indicated that ReaxFF reaction kinetics is a powerful tool for the exploration of the degradation mechanism of cellulose induced by OH at room temperature, which correlated well with the experimental results and was validated by DFT calculation. Light is a major factor in promoting food aging and deterioration, especially for ultraviolet (UV) light. Herein, bioinspired dopamine-melanin solid nanoparticles with strong absorption at a wide range of 200-2500 nm were first incorporated into alginate/polyvinyl alcohol to fabricate film materials in this work for UV-vis block, and this also brings excellent thermal insulating properties to the materials. In addition, in order to obtain a material with excellent performance, particles of uniform size of about 100 nm are obtained by fractional centrifugation. It was found the mechanical, UV-vis block and thermal insulating properties were improved significantly compared with the control samples. This study provides a strategy to design a non-polluting, biodegradable, biocompatible film with excellent mechanical properties that can be used in UV-vis barriers and has potential applications in thermal insulating materials for food preservation. Cellulose is a promising and advantageous material because it is low-cost, abundant and biodegradable. Nonetheless, dealing with this material is extremely challenging because cellulose cannot dissolve in most solvents or melt at any temperature or pressure in the air owing to strong hydrogen-bonding networks. In this work, a surface selective dissolution with shear force process was proposed to prepare cellulose films with high strength from microcrystalline cellulose powders. The tensile strength reached 94 MPa and the thermal decomposition temperature improved by 64 °C compared with that of regenerated cellulose. A mechanism of surface dissolution and reconnection was proposed to explain the process. The outstanding mechanical property attributes to tight reconnection of the undissolved cores via dissolved surfaces in cellulose powders, and the improved thermal decomposition temperature is due to preserved cellulose Ⅰ crystalline structure of microcrystalline cellulose. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/rvx-208.html RVX-208 manufacturer] We believe that this cost-effective and facile method holds promise for industrial-scaleproduction of cellulose materials. In this research, cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) was synthesized from cotton waste using controlled hydrolysis against 64 % (w/w) sulfuric acid solution. The produced nanoparticles were then characterized using FTIR, XRD, TGA, and DLS analyses. Biaxial electrospinning technique was used to produce CNC incorporated PCL-PVA/NaAlg nanofibers. The sodium alginate portion was then crosslinked via submerging the samples in calcium chloride aqueous solution. The CNC incorporated and crosslinked sample was characterized using SEM, FTIR, and TGA techniques. Results confirmed the presence of CNC nanoparticles and alginate crosslinking reaction. Mechanical studies showed that CNC incorporation increases the tensile modulus by 65 %. Also, the crosslinked samples exhibited an increase in elongation at break. Water contact angle studies suggested that CNC incorporation and crosslinking improves nanofiber hydrophilicity. Cell viability of more than 90 % was observed in CNC incorporated PCL-CaAlg nanofibers. Also, SEM images of cells on nanofiber scaffolds showed better cell growth and attachment in PCL-CaAlg-CNC samples. In this work, we present a solid silicon substrate functionalized with modified β-cyclodextrin monolayers as an optimal surface for organic contaminant uptake. The inclusion and capture of three potential pollutants, 4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid, 4-aminobenzoic acid and phenylethylamine, were studied. 1H-NMR and ROESY studies revealed the complete inclusion and details of the conformational orientation of the three guests in the per-(6-amino-6-deoxy)-β-cyclodextrin matrix, forming three new inclusion complexes that have not yet been reported. Capture assays for the guests were carried out by immersing the substrates in an aqueous pollutant solution and by measuring the UV-vis spectra. This substrate showed a high sorption capacity at equilibrium, between 2.5 × 10-5 and 6.0 × 10-5 mmol/substrate, for the studied pollutants. In addition, this surface can be reused four times with an efficiency equal to the initial use. Therefore, it could be a versatile platform that could be applied for the capture of other organic pollutants from water. A novel multiple active sites cellulose-based adsorbent (MCC/TEPAA-BCTTC) with a high density of multiple active adsorption sites (N, O, S) was prepared by using epichlorohydrin cross-linking microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) with tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA), followed by grafting with bis(carboxymethyl) trithiocarbonate (BCTTC). It was shown that the removal rates of MCC/TEPAA-BCTTC for Pb(II) (1 mg/L), Cu(II) (3 mg/L) and Cr(VI) (1 mg/L) reached 100 %, 98 % and 99 %, respectively, and the remaining concentration after adsorption reached the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) standards for Pb(II) and Cu(II) and the China integrated wastewater discharge standard for Cr(VI). These results indicate that the high removal rate of MCC/TEPAA-BCTTC for removing anionic and cationic heavy metal ions in low-concentration mixed heavy metal ions environments was mainly due to the high density of multiple adsorption sites that act via multiple cooperative mechanisms.