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The association of CE with CpG decreased the proliferation caused by CpG in C57BL/6J.<br /><br /> A. simplex increase the frequency of Tregs, which in turn produce IL-10 and IFN-γ. The host genetic base is essential in the development of anti-Anisakis immune responses (Th2, Th1, Treg).<br /><br />A. simplex increase the frequency of Tregs, which in turn produce IL-10 and IFN-γ. The host genetic base is essential in the development of anti-Anisakis immune responses (Th2, Th1, Treg).<br /><br /> In the COVID-19 pandemic, the increase in the incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and mortality from them has been recognized worldwide. In Brazil, the impact of COVID-19 on CVD must be evaluated.<br /><br /> To assess the impact of the current pandemic on the numbers of hospital admissions (HA), in-hospital deaths (ID), and in-hospital fatality (IF) from CVD by use of national epidemiological data from the Brazilian Unified Public Health System.<br /><br /> Time-series observational study using comparative analysis of the HA, ID, and IF due to CVD recorded from January to May 2020, having as reference the values registered in the same period from 2016 to 2019 and the values projected by linear regression methods for 2020. The statistical significance level applied was 0.05.<br /><br /> Compared to the same period in 2019, there was a 15% decrease in the HA rate and a 9% decrease in the total ID due to CVD between March and May 2020, followed by a 9% increase in the IF rate due to CVD, especially among patients aged 20-59 years. The HA and IF rates registered in 2020 differed significantly from the projected trend for 2020 (p = 0.0005 and 0.0318, respectively).<br /><br /> During the first months of the pandemic, there were a decline in HA and an increase in IF due to CVD in Brazil. These data might have resulted from the inadequate planning of the CVD management during the pandemic. Thus, immediate actions are required to change this scenario. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2021; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0).<br /><br />During the first months of the pandemic, there were a decline in HA and an increase in IF due to CVD in Brazil. These data might have resulted from the inadequate planning of the CVD management during the pandemic. Thus, immediate actions are required to change this scenario. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2021; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0).In the last years, several diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers have been studied in cardiovascular disease. Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15), a cytokine belonging to the transforming growth factor- (TGF-) family, is highly up-regulated in stress and inflammatory conditions and has been correlated to myocardial injury and pressure cardiac overload in animal models. This new biomarker has been positively correlated with increased risk of cardiovascular events in population studies and shown an independent predictor of mortality in patients with coronary artery disease and heart failure. This review aimed to summarize the current evidence on the diagnostic and prognostic value of GDF-15 in different settings in cardiology.<br /><br /> There is conflicting information about whether lung ultrasound assessed by B-lines has prognostic value in patients with heart failure (HF).<br /><br /> To evaluate the prognostic value of lung ultrasound assessed by B-lines in HF patients.<br /><br /> Four databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Scopus) were systematically searched to identify relevant articles. We pooled the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) from eligible studies and carried out heterogeneity, quality assessment, and publication bias analyses. Data were pooled using a fixed-effects or random-effect model. A p value &lt; 0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance.<br /><br /> Nine studies involving 1,212 participants were included in the systematic review. B-lines &gt; 15 and &gt; 30 at discharge were significantly associated with increased risk of combined outcomes of all-cause mortality or HF hospitalization (HR, 3.37, 95% CI, 1.52-7.47; p = 0.003; HR, 4.01, 95% CI, 2.29-7.01; p &lt; 0.001, respectively). A B-line &gt; 30 cutoff at discharge was significantly associated with increased risk of HF hospitalization (HR, 9.01, 95% CI, 2.80-28.93; p &lt; 0.001). Moreover, a B-line &gt; 3 cutoff significantly increased the risk for combined outcomes of all-cause mortality or HF hospitalization in HF outpatients (HR, 3.21, 95% CI, 2.09-4.93; I2 = 10%; p &lt; 0.00001).<br /><br /> B-lines could predict all-cause mortality and HF hospitalizations in patients with HF. Further large randomized controlled trials are needed to explore whether dealing with B-lines would improve the prognosis in clinical settings.<br /><br />B-lines could predict all-cause mortality and HF hospitalizations in patients with HF. Further large randomized controlled trials are needed to explore whether dealing with B-lines would improve the prognosis in clinical settings.<br /><br /> Individuals with severe hypercholesterolemia are at a high risk of developing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Many of them have familial hypercholesterolemia (FH).<br /><br /> To assess from a patient perspective the degree of awareness about severe hypercholesterolemia, especially FH, ASCVD risk perception, cascade screening performance, and treatment of individuals participating in a routine health evaluation program.<br /><br /> From a database of 70,000 Brazilian individuals evaluated between 2006 and 2016, 1,987 (2.8%) met the inclusion criteria (age ≥ 18 years and LDL-C ≥ 190 mg/dL or ≥ 160 mg/dL, respectively, if not in use of statins or on statin therapy). Two-hundred individuals were randomly invited to complete an extensive questionnaire. FH was diagnosed if suspected by the attending physician.<br /><br /> Although 97% of the sample (age 48±9 years; 16% women; 95% college/university education; 88% primary prevention; LDL-C 209±47 mg/dL) had severe hypercholesterolemia, only 18% and 29.5% believed to be at high ASCVD risk and reported knowledge of their recommended LDL-C goal, respectively. Fifty-eight percent reported being informed that high cholesterol could be a family disease, 24.5% (n = 49) had ever heard about FH, and merely 14% (n = 29) had been previously identified as suspected of having FH (age at FH diagnosis 35±12 years; 79% and 31% diagnosed, respectively, &gt; 30 and &gt; 40 years old). [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/h3b-6527.html H3B-6527] Only 2.5% underwent genetic tests, 17% underwent cascade screening, and 17% were not in use of pharmacological treatment.<br /><br /> An important gap in risk perception, cholesterol management, and aspects related to FH was encountered in individuals with severe hypercholesterolemia. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2021; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0).<br /><br />An important gap in risk perception, cholesterol management, and aspects related to FH was encountered in individuals with severe hypercholesterolemia. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2021; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0).<br /><br /> Mean platelet volume (MPV), which is a simple measure of platelet activation, has recently become an interesting topic in cardiovascular research. Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a comprehensive intervention that decreases mortality-morbidity in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Studies on the effects of exercise on platelet activation have yielded conflicting results.<br /><br /> The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of an exercise-based CR programs on MPV in patients with stable CAD.<br /><br /> The sample was composed of 300 consecutive stable CAD patients. The patients were divided into two groups CR group (n = 97) and non-CR group (n = 203). Blood analysis was performed. Point-Biserial correlation measures were performed to show correlation between MPV change and CR. A p value of &lt;0.05 was considered statistically significant.<br /><br /> The decrease in MPV was greater in the CR group than in the non-CR group [(-1.10(-1.40-(-0.90)) vs. (-0.10 (-2.00-0.00)); p&lt; 0.001]. ΔMPV had a positive correlation with Δ neutrophil (r = 0.326, p &lt; 0.001), ΔTG (r = 0.439, p &lt; 0.001), ΔLDL-c (r = 0.478, p &lt; 0.001), ΔWBC (r = 0.412, p &lt; 0.001), and ΔCRP (r = 0.572, p &lt; 0.001). A significant correlation was found between ΔMPV% and CR (r=0.750, p&lt;0.001).<br /><br /> We were able to show that exercise-based CR has a strong relationship with MPV reduction in patients with CAD. We consider that decreased platelet activation with exercise-based CR might play an important role in reducing thrombotic risk in patients with stable CAD. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0).<br /><br />We were able to show that exercise-based CR has a strong relationship with MPV reduction in patients with CAD. We consider that decreased platelet activation with exercise-based CR might play an important role in reducing thrombotic risk in patients with stable CAD. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0).<br /><br /> The differential diagnosis of wide QRS complex tachycardia (WCT) between ventricular tachycardia (VT) or supraventricular tachycardia with aberrant conduction (SVT-A) is sometimes difficult in the emergency room.<br /><br /> The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of a new simple electrocardiographic algorithm to recognize VT in patients with wide complex tachycardia.<br /><br /> The 12-lead electrocardiograms (ECG) for WCT were prospectively obtained from 120 patients during electrophysiological study. Six physicians with different expertise analyzed the electrocardiographic recordings, and made the diagnosis based on the D12V16 algorithm, that involves the analysis of the predominant polarity of QRS in leads I, II, V1 and V6. The diagnosis was compared with that made using the traditional Brugada algorithm and the "gold-standard" electrophysiological study. Statistical analyses were performed with a significance level of 5% (p&lt;0.05).<br /><br /> According to the EPS study, 82 ECG recordings were VT and 38 SVT-A. Structural heart diseases were present in 71 (86.6%) patients with VT and in 8 (21.1%) with SVT-A. The Brugada algorithm had higher global sensitivity (87.2%), and the D12V16 algorithm had higher global specificity (85.1%) for VT. Both D12V16 and Brugada's algorithms presented a high positive predictive value (90.9% vs 85.8%, respectively) and similar accuracy (73.8% vs 81.4%, respectively) for the diagnosis of VT. Experienced evaluators were more accurate using Brugada algorithm than the D12V16 algorithm, but the accuracy of both algorithms was similar according to less experienced examiners.<br /><br /> The simplified algorithm may be a useful method to recognize VT in the ECG, especially for less experienced doctors. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2021; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0).<br /><br />The simplified algorithm may be a useful method to recognize VT in the ECG, especially for less experienced doctors. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2021; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0).<br /><br /> to analyze the actions and suggestions of Primary Care professionals in relation to elder abuse.<br /><br /> this is a research with a qualitative approach based on the realization of focus groups with professionals from Primary Health Care in a city in the interior of São Paulo. The methodological stance of Hermeneutic-Dialectic thinking (HD) was adopted.<br /><br /> two themes were listed Actions taken by health professionals and Suggestions for improving care for elderly victims of violence.<br /><br /> professionals emphasized the need to implement new resources and improve the functioning of existing ones, so that comprehensive care is possible, in order to prevent and intervene in the important social and public health problem that violence represents.<br /><br />professionals emphasized the need to implement new resources and improve the functioning of existing ones, so that comprehensive care is possible, in order to prevent and intervene in the important social and public health problem that violence represents.