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ition, it is necessary to establish systematic and effective index components and determination standards of C. appendiculata to better explore its therapeutic potential. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out further research on C. appendiculata.<br /><br />C. appendiculata is not only an excellent traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of tumors, but also a source of bioactive molecules with good application prospects. At present, the close relationship between the chemical components and pharmacological activities of C. appendiculata has not been established, and there is a lack of systematic and in-depth research on its anti-tumor components and its mechanism. In addition, it is necessary to establish systematic and effective index components and determination standards of C. appendiculata to better explore its therapeutic potential. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out further research on C. appendiculata.<br /><br /> Trillium tschonoskii Maxim. is one of traditional Chinese medical herbs that has been utilized to treat brain damages and cephalalgia. The neuroprotective effect of total saponins from Trillium tschonoskii rhizome (TSTT) has been demonstrated efficacy in rats following ischemia. However, the axonal remodeling effect of TSTT and the detailed mechanisms after ischemic stroke have not been investigated.<br /><br /> We aimed to estimate therapeutic role of TSTT in axonal remodeling using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique, and explored possible mechanisms underlying this process followed by histological assays in ischemic rats.<br /><br /> Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats underwent permanently focal cerebral ischemia induced by occluding right permanent middle cerebral artery. TSTT was intragastrically administrated 6h after surgery and once daily for consecutive 15 days. Neurological function was assessed by the motor deficit score and beam walking test. T2 relaxation mapping and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) were applied fiatum. Meanwhile, TSTT treatment up-regulated the phosphorylation level of Ser 9 in GSK-3β, and down-regulated phosphorylated β-catenin and CRMP-2 expression.<br /><br /> Taken together, our findings indicated that TSTT (65, 33mg/kg) enhanced post-stroke functional recovery, amplified endogenous oligodendrogenesis and promoted axonal regeneration. The beneficial role of TSTT might be correlated with GSK-3/β-catenin/CRMP-2 modulating axonal reorganization after ischemic stroke.<br /><br />Taken together, our findings indicated that TSTT (65, 33 mg/kg) enhanced post-stroke functional recovery, amplified endogenous oligodendrogenesis and promoted axonal regeneration. The beneficial role of TSTT might be correlated with GSK-3/β-catenin/CRMP-2 modulating axonal reorganization after ischemic stroke.<br /><br /> Herbacetin is an active constituent of traditional Chinese medicines such as Ephedra sinica Stapf (MaHuang) and Sedum roseum (L.). Scop. (Hong JingTian). MaHuang was used to treat cough, asthma, fever, and edema for more than 5000 years, while Hong JingTian was used to treat depression, fatigue, cancers, and cardiovascular disease. Recent studies indicate that herbacetin and its glycosides play a critical role in the pharmacological activities of these herbs. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/mitoquinone-mesylate.html Mitoquinone] However, currently, no comprehensive review on herbacetin has been published yet.<br /><br /> This review aimed to summarize information on the chemistry, natural sources, and pharmacokinetic features of herbacetin, with an emphasis on its pharmacological activities and possible mechanisms of action.<br /><br /> A literature search was performed on the Web of Science, PubMed, and China Knowledge Resource Integrated databases (CNKI) using the search term "herbacetin" ("all fields") from 1935 to 2020. Information was also obtained from classic books of Chinese herbal medicirve as a guideline for future research on herbacetin.<br /><br />Herbacetin shows promising pharmacological activities against multiple diseases. Future research should focus on improving bioavailability, further studying its pharmacological mechanism, evaluating its toxicity and optimal dose, and performing the clinical assessment. We hope that the present review will serve as a guideline for future research on herbacetin.<br /><br /> Eryngium cymosum F. Delaroche was detected as a traditional remedy against type 2 diabetes consumed by patients of Tlanchinol in the state of Hidalgo, Mexico.<br /><br /> Assessing the hypoglycemic effect and safety of the traditional extract of E. cymosum and relating it to key glucose-lowering mechanisms both in fasting and postprandial state.<br /><br /> The aqueous extract of E. cymosum was subjected to HPLC analysis to identify its main components. Hyperglycaemic STZ-NA Wistar rats were administered with the extract to evaluate its effect on blood glucose levels and a possible dose-dependence. Afterward, it was evaluated in both pyruvate and maltose tolerance tests in STZ-NA rats to characterize its effect on gluconeogenesis and carbohydrate breakdown, two of the main mechanisms responsible for fasting and postprandial hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes patients. In addition, the inhibitory capacity of the extract was evaluated on key enzymes involved in gluconeogenesis and a-glucosidases. Moreover, insulin concentrations is safe and regulated glucose levels both in fasting and in postprandial state.<br /><br />The traditional consumed form of aerial parts of E. cymosum is safe and regulated glucose levels both in fasting and in postprandial state.<br /><br /> Reduction in functional capacity is a negative clinical outcome of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Studies have shown association between inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers and functional capacity. However, it is unclear whether these biomarkers are associated with outcomes of functional capacity. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether plasma biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress are predictors of the 6-min walking test (6MWT)-derived outcomes.<br /><br /> Twenty COPD patients were assessed on three consecutive days with different clinical measures, including functional capacity, and blood sampling. Plasma concentrations of IL-6, IL-8, TNF-ɑ, IL-10 and soluble TNF-ɑ receptors (sTNFR1 and sTNFR2) were determined by immunoassays. Oxidative stress was evaluated by determining lipid peroxidation products based on the enzymatic activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase, and total antioxidant capacity of plasma. Functional capacity was assessed considering the six-minute walking distance (6MWD) and the estimate of six-minute walking work (6MWW).