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iddle cerebellar peduncles.<br /><br /> HIV/AIDS has contributed to increasing orphans and vulnerable children in Nigeria. A measure of vulnerability is household hunger.<br /><br /> To assess level of household hunger and associated factors among OVC households in Lagos State.<br /><br /> A cross-sectional survey of 1300 OVC households in 5 selected Local Government Areas. The LGAs were selected using the Household Vulnerability Assessment index. Data collection was by personal interview of households' heads/caregivers using a structured questionnaire capturing socio-demographic, household economic profile and food-related variables. A multivariate logit model was fitted to identify independent predictors of household hunger after adjusting for confounding variables.<br /><br /> The population density was 5.1 and 52.8% were females. A larger proportion of females (84.6%) than males (78.3%) reported that they had no food to eat in the last four weeks prior the survey. Poor household economic status (OR=1.41, CI 1.03-1.92), age and marital status of caregiver were independent predictors of household hunger. The odds of hunger increased with caregiver's age; higher in households headed by never married (OR=3.99, CI 1.15-13.89) and divorced/separated caregivers (OR=2.39, CI 1.11-5.12).<br /><br /> OVC households experienced severe hunger. Household economic strengthening would be useful strategy to mitigate the nutrition challenges of OVC in Lagos state.<br /><br />OVC households experienced severe hunger. Household economic strengthening would be useful strategy to mitigate the nutrition challenges of OVC in Lagos state.<br /><br /> Home-based care is provided to clients in their homes to promote and maintain good health, hygiene and nutrition.<br /><br /> This study assessed nutrition knowledge and care practices of home-based caregivers in Vhembe District, South Africa.<br /><br /> The design was cross sectional, descriptive and exploratory using quantitative and qualitative approaches. Multistage sampling was used, with convenient selection of two municipalities from four, eight home-based care agencies randomly selected from 96 agencies, 128 caregivers conveniently selected for interviews, 92 caregivers selected for focus group discussions and 28 caregivers selected for observation during home visits. Demographic characteristics, nutrition knowledge and care practices were evaluated using questionnaires, interview guides and observational checklists. Data were analysed using SPSS 22 and thematic analysis for qualitative data.<br /><br /> caregivers (99.2%) were women, 68.7% had secondary education and all had received 59-day training and 64.1% had six to ten years of home-based care experience. Only 0.8% had adequate nutrition knowledge, 45.3% satisfactory knowledge and 53.9% limited to no knowledge. Most care practices reported during the focus group discussions were not observed during home visits.<br /><br /> Nutrition knowledge and care practices of HBC in Vhembe District were found to be inadequate. The nutrition content in the training package should be improved.<br /><br />Nutrition knowledge and care practices of HBC in Vhembe District were found to be inadequate. The nutrition content in the training package should be improved.<br /><br /> As Kenya continues to experience rapid development and urbanization, growing evidence shows an increasing prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and overweight and obese citizens.<br /><br /> This study sought to explore the extent to which Kenyan overweight and obese participants reported receiving advice from physicians or health care providers to lose weight and to identify demographic characteristics associated with receipt of weight loss advice.<br /><br /> Descriptive statistics analyzed sociodemographic characteristics and weight loss advice from the 2015 Kenya WHO STEPwise survey (n = 1335). A bivariate logistic regression model estimated the association between socio-demographic characteristics and weight loss advice reported from a physician or health care provider.<br /><br /> The prevalence of weight loss advice from health professionals among overweight and obese participants was 19%. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/oxalacetic-acid.html selleck compound] Model results indicated that obese individuals [odds ratio (OR) = 2.11, 95% confidence interval (CI) (1.36, 3.26)], individuals with vices from physicians.<br /><br /> Activation of immunological and systemic inflammation markers are common in obesity and asthma.<br /><br /> The target of this study was to assess impact of weight reduction on immunological and systemic inflammation markers in obese asthma patients.<br /><br /> Eighty asthmatic patients of both sex; their age and body mass index (BMI) mean were 38.72 ± 7.14 year and 32.65 ± 3.18 Kg/m2 respectively. Exclusion criteria included smokers, infections, vaccinations, cancer, surgery, immune system disorders and medications that may influence immune system function as anti-inflammatory medications, analgesics and anti-depressant. All subjects were randomly enrolled in weight reduction group (group A) or control group (group B).<br /><br /> The main findings in the present study indicated that weight reducing program in group (A) was associated with significant reduction in the mean values of IL6, TNF-α, and IL8 in addition to significant increase in the mean values of CD4 and CD8 cell count . However, findings of group (B) showed no significant changes. Moreover, Comparison between both groups at the end of the study revealed significant differences.<br /><br /> Weight reduction improved immunological and systemic inflammation markers in obese asthma patients.<br /><br />Weight reduction improved immunological and systemic inflammation markers in obese asthma patients.<br /><br /> Tibiofemoral angle (TFA) and quadriceps angle (QA) are important in the evaluation of patients with knee pathologies associated with these angles.<br /><br /> This study investigated correlations among TFA, QA and body mass index (BMI) among Nigerian adolescent population.<br /><br /> A total of 519 (262 males and 257 females) adolescents aged between 10-18 years selected by stratified random sampling technique from some randomly selected schools in Nnewi metropolis. This study utilised the cross-sectional survey design. A height meter and bathroom weighing scale were used to collect data for BMI while a universal plastic goniometer was used to measure TFA and QA. Independent t- test, paired t-test and Pearson Product Moment Correlation were used to analyse the data obtained.<br /><br /> Findings of this study showed there was significant difference between right and left QA of males (t= 2.824; p= 0.005), and females (t= -2.012; p= 0.045) with the right QA been higher than the left in both males and females. Males have a higher TFA and QA (p&lt;0.