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factor for uterine rupture among women attempting vaginal delivery after cesarean section. Medical induction and augmentation of labor increase the risk, regardless of maternal and birth characteristics.<br /><br />Labor duration is an independent factor for uterine rupture among women attempting vaginal delivery after cesarean section. Medical induction and augmentation of labor increase the risk, regardless of maternal and birth characteristics.<br /><br /> Medical abortion is usually offered in a clinicorhospital, but could potentially be offered in other settings such as pharmacies. In many countries, pharmacies are a common firstpoint of access for women seeking reproductive health information and services. Offering medical abortion through pharmacies is a potential strategy to improveaccess to abortion.<br /><br /> To compare the effectiveness and safety of medical abortion offered in pharmacy settings with clinic-based medical abortion.<br /><br /> We searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE,Embase, four other databases, two trials registries and grey literature websites in November 2020. We alsohandsearchedkey references and contacted authors to locate unpublished studies or studies not identified in the database searches.<br /><br /> We identified studies that compared women receiving the same regimen of medical abortion orpost-abortioncare in either a clinic or pharmacy setting. Studies published in any language employing the following designs were included randomized trials and non-randomized stservices may be more difficult to obtain. Evidence is particularly limited on the patient experience and how the care process and quality of services may differ across different types of settings.Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a mature B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma usually characterized by t(11;14) (q13;q32), or CCND1 translocation and Cyclin D1 over expression. A very small subset of MCL may lack the t(11;14) (q13;q32) translocation and Cyclin D1 over expression, but show alternative translocations involving CCND2 and CCND3, and over expression of SOX11. In general, MCL has been considered a very aggressive and incurable lymphoma and patients with MCL usually have a poor prognosis. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Avasimibe(CI-1011).html selleck inhibitor] However, indolent variants, including in situ mantle cell neoplasm and the recently recognized leukemic non-nodal MCL do exist. In recent years, genome-wide molecular genetic studies have revealed a characteristic MCL genetic profile. This review will focus on the pathologic diagnosis of MCL using the traditional morphological and immunophenotypic strategies combined with cytogenetic characteristics and recently identified molecular profile. Morphological subtypes, immunophenotypic variants, recently recognized indolent variants, as well as MCL risk stratification will also be discussed.<br /><br /> To examine the effects of dry needling against trigger point (TrP) injections (wet needling) applied to TrPs associated with neck pain.<br /><br /> Electronic databases were searched for randomized clinical trials where dry needling was compared to TrP injections (wet needling) applied to neck muscles and collected outcomes on pain or related-disability. Secondary outcomes consisted of pressure pain thresholds, cervical mobility, and psychological factors. The Cochrane risk of bias (RoB) tool, the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) score, and GRADE approach were used.<br /><br /> Six trials were included. TrP injection reduced pain intensity (MD -2.13, 95%CI -3.22 to -1.03) with a large effect size (SMD -1.46, 95%CI -2.27 to -0.65) as compared to dry needling. No differences between TrP injection and dry needling were found for pain-related disability (MD 0.9, 95%CI -3.09 to 4.89), pressure pain thresholds (MD 25.78kPa, 95%CI -6.43 to 57.99kPa), cervical lateral-flexion (MD 2.02° 95%CI -0.19° to 4.24°) or depression (SMD -0.22, 95%CI -0.85 to 0.41). The RoB was low, but the heterogenicity and imprecision of results downgraded the evidence level.<br /><br /> Low evidence suggests a superior effect of TrP injection (wet needling) for decreasing pain of cervical muscle TrPs at short-term as compared to dry needling. No significant effects on other outcomes (very low-quality evidence) were observed.<br /><br /> Therapy, level 1a.<br /><br /> OSF Registry - https//doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/3H6GS.<br /><br />OSF Registry - https//doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/3H6GS.Peptidoglycan in bacterial cell walls is a biopolymer consisting of sugars and amino acids and plays important role in maintaining cell integrity from the environment. Its biosynthesis is a major target for antibiotics and the genes and enzymes involved in the biosynthetic pathway have been well studied. However, we recently identified an alternative pathway in the early stage of peptidoglycan biosynthesis in Xanthomonas oryzae, a plant pathogen causing bacterial blight disease of rice. The distribution of the alternative pathway is limited to relatively few bacterial genera that contain many pathogenic species, including Xylella and Stenotrophomonas, besides Xanthomonas. Thus, the alternative pathway is an attractive target for the development of narrow spectrum antibiotics specific to pathogens. In this minireview, we summarize the discovery of the alternative pathway and identification of its specific inhibitors.Copper is one of the indispensable trace metal elements in organisms, but excess copper means cytotoxicity. Cells protect themselves by storing excess copper in copper-binding proteins. Metallothioneins (MTs) are a group of low-molecular-weight, cysteine-rich proteins, which are well known for sensing and binding the overcharged Zn(Ⅱ), Cd(Ⅱ), and Cu(Ⅰ) in cells. However, there are only few reports on MTs that can specifically respond to intracellular copper ions in mammals in real-time. Here, we screened copper-response MTs in pancreatic cancer cells through data-mining, RNA-seq, and qPCR analysis. We found that MT1E, MT1F, and MT1X mRNA were significantly upregulated after exogenous copper ion induction. By constructing the stable cell lines with MT1E, MT1F, or MT1X promoter-driven EGFP as reporters, we found that only PMT1F-EGFP could specifically and stably report the intracellular Cu(Ⅰ) changes in multiple cell lines including Panc-1, 8988T, 293T, HepG2, and normal hepatic cells, indicating that PMT1F-EGFP is an ideal in vivo Cu(Ⅰ) reporter.