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Mesh implant has been applied in hernia repair and urogynecological reconstruction. Polypropylene (PP) is now the most widely used material for non-resorbable mesh implants. A degradation phenomenon of PP mesh, which is apparent on the mesh surface as cracking, flaking and peeling, was discovered in the 1990's. This phenomenon of mesh implant has drawn attention because of mesh-related litigations. Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), due to its high biocompatible performance, has been used since 2003 as an alternative material for non-resorbable mesh implants. Till now, no such degradation phenomenon of PVDF mesh has been reported, although limited study on PVDF mesh is available. In this paper, we researched the degradation of PVDF meshes taking the degradation of PP mesh as a reference. The meshes analysed in this study were received from a previous animal experiment. To expose the surface of explanted meshes, a tissue removing method with protease was used and the result of this cleaning process was tested by l stability of the PVDF mesh and demonstrates that the PVDF mesh is more resistant to degradation in comparison to the other two types of PP meshes.<br /><br /> Schizophrenia patients have abnormal electroencephalographic (EEG) power over multiple frequency bands, even at rest, though the primary neural generators and spatiotemporal dynamics of these abnormalities are largely unknown. Disturbances in the precise synchronization of oscillations within and across cortical sources may underlie abnormal resting-state EEG activity in schizophrenia patients.<br /><br /> A novel assessment method was applied to identify the independent contributing sources of resting-state EEG and assess the phase discontinuity in schizophrenia patients (N = 148) and healthy subjects (N = 143).<br /><br /> A network of 11 primary contributing sources of scalp EEG was identified in both groups. Schizophrenia patients showed abnormal elevations of EEG power in the temporal region in the theta, beta, and gamma-bands, as well as the posterior cingulate gyrus in the delta, theta, alpha, and beta-bands. The higher theta-band power in the middle temporal gyrus was significantly correlated with verbal memory impairm core pathophysiologic abnormalities of schizophrenia and contribute to the development of novel biomarkers for therapeutic interventions.Rhizosphere acidification in leguminous plants can release P from the dissolution of phosphate compounds which can reduce Pb bioavailability to them via the formation of insoluble Pb compounds in their rhizosphere. A soil polluted from Pb-acid batteries efﬂuent (SPBE), having total Pb = 639 mg kg-1, was amended with six different rates (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6%) of oxalic acid-activated phosphate rock (OAPR) and their effects on pH, available P and bioavailable Pb concentrations in the rhizosphere and bulk soils of mung bean plant were evaluated. Furthermore, the effects of these variant OAPR rates on Pb concentrations in plant parts, bioaccumulation factor (BAF) and translocation factor (TF) for Pb in grain and traits like productivity, the activities of antioxidant enzymes, and grain biochemistry were investigated. Results revealed that increasing rates of OAPR significantly increased pH values and available P while decreased bioavailable Pb concentrations in the rhizosphere over control. The highest dissolution of P in the rhizosphere was with 4 and 6% OAPR rates. As a result, the formation of insoluble Pb compounds affected on reduced Pb concentrations in shoots, roots, and grain in addition to lower grain BAF and TF values for Pb over control. Likewise, the highest plant productivity, improved grain biochemistry, high Ca and Mg concentrations, least oxidative stress, and enhanced soil alkaline phosphatase activity were found with 4 and 6% OAPR rates. The OAPR 4% rate is suggested for reducing grain Pb concentration, cell oxidative injury, and improving grain biochemistry in mung bean.Sichuan Basin is encircled by high mountains and plateaus with the heights ranging from 1 km to 3 km, and is one of the most polluted regions in China. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/z-lehd-fmk-s7313.html buy Z-LEHD-FMK] However, the dominant chemical species and light absorption properties of aerosol particles is still not clear in rural areas. Chemical composition in PM1 (airborne particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 1 μm) and light-absorbing properties were determined in Chengdu (urban) and Sanbacun (rural) in western Sichuan Basin (WSB), Southwest China. Carbonaceous aerosols and secondary inorganic ions (NH4+, NO3- and SO42-) dominate PM1 pollution, contributing more than 85% to PM1 mass at WSB. The mean concentrations of organic and elemental carbon (OC, EC), K+ and Cl- are 19.69 μg m-3, 8.00 μg m-3, 1.32 μg m-3, 1.16 μg m-3 at the rural site, which are 26.2%, 65.3%, 34.7% and 48.7% higher than those at the urban site, respectively. BrC (brown carbon) light absorption coefficient at 405 nm is 63.90 ± 27.81 M m-1 at the rural site, contributing more than half of total absorption, which is about five times higher than that at urban site (10.43 ± 4.74 M m-1). Compared with secondary OC, rural BrC light absorption more depends on primary OC from biomass and coal burning. The rural MAEBrC (BrC mass absorption efficiency) at 405 nm ranges from 0.6 to 5.1 m2 g-1 with mean value of 3.5 ± 0.8 m2 g-1, which is about three times higher than the urban site.Currently, there is a lack of information about the influence of foliar-applied nanoplastics on crop growth and nutritional quality. To fill the knowledge gap, soil-grown lettuces (Lactuca sativa L.) were foliar-exposed to polystyrene nanoplastics (PSNPs) at 0, 0.1 and 1 mg/L for one month. Foliar exposure to PSNPs significantly decreased the dry weight, height, and leaf area of lettuce by 14.3%-27.3%, 24.2%-27.3%, and 12.7%-19.2%, respectively, compared with the control. Similarly, plant pigment content (chlorophyll a, b and carotenoid) was considerably reduced (9.1%, 8.7%, 12.5%) at 1 mg/L PSNPs. link2 However, the significant increase in electrolyte leakage rate (18.6%-25.5%) and the decrease in total antioxidant capacity (12.4%-26%) were the key indicators of oxidative stress in lettuce leaves, demonstrating the phytotoxicity of PSNPs by foliar exposure. In addition, the remarkable reduction in micronutrients and essential amino acids demonstrated a decrease in nutritional quality of lettuce caused by PSNPs. Besides, SEM and TEM analysis indicated the possible absorption of PSNPs through leaves stoma and the translocation downwards to plant roots. This study provides new information about the interaction of airborne NPs with plants. It also warns against atmospheric NPs pollution that the adverse effects of airborne NPs on crop production and food quality should be assessed as a matter of urgency.<br /><br /> Nitrate is a major pollutant component in ambient PM<br /><br /> . It is known that chronic exposure to PM<br /><br /> NO<br /><br /> <br /><br /> damages respiratory functions. We aim to explore the underlying toxicological mechanism at single cell resolution.<br /><br /> We systematically conducted exposure experiments on forty C57BL/6 mice, assessed respiratory functions, and profiled lung transcriptome. . Afterward, we estimated the cell type compositions from RNA-seq data using deconvolution analysis. The genes and pathways associated with respiratory function and dysregulated by to PM<br /><br /> NO<br /><br /> <br /><br /> exposure were characterized at bulk-tissue and single-cell resolution.<br /><br /> PM<br /><br /> NO<br /><br /> <br /><br /> exposure did not significantly modify the cell type composition in lung, but profoundly altered the gene expression within each cell type. At ambient concentration (22μg/m<br /><br /> ), exposure significantly (FDR&lt;10%) altered 95 genes' expression. Among the genes associated with respiratory functions, a large fraction (74.6-91.7%) were significantly perturbed by PM<br /><br /> NO<br /><br /> <br /><br /> exposure. For example, among the 764 genes associated with peak expiratory flow (PEF), 608 (79.6%) were affected by exposure (p=1.92e-345). Pathways known to play role in lung disease pathogenesis, including circadian rhythms, sphingolipid metabolism, immune response and lysosome, were found significantly associated with respiratory functions and disrupted by PM<br /><br /> NO<br /><br /> <br /><br /> exposure.<br /><br /> This study extended our knowledge of PM<br /><br /> NO<br /><br /> <br /><br /> exposure's effect to the levels of lung gene expression, pathways, lung cell type composition and cell specific transcriptome. At single cell resolution, we provided insights in toxicological mechanism of PM<br /><br /> NO<br /><br /> <br /><br /> exposure and subsequent pulmonary disease risks.<br /><br />This study extended our knowledge of PM2.5 NO3- exposure's effect to the levels of lung gene expression, pathways, lung cell type composition and cell specific transcriptome. At single cell resolution, we provided insights in toxicological mechanism of PM2.5 NO3- exposure and subsequent pulmonary disease risks.Copper mine tailings are causing great environmental concern nowadays due to their high contents of heavy metals. These hazards may release to air, water, and soil, posing great threat to the living organisms in the surroundings. In the present work, we profiled the heavy metal contents, microbiome and resistome of a mine tailing in Dexing Copper Mine, which is the largest open-pit copper mine in China. A total of 39.75 Gb clean data was generated by metagenomics sequencing and taxonomy analysis revealed Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Euryarchaeota, and Nitrospirae as the most abundant phylum in this tailing. In general, 76 heavy metal resistance genes (HMRGs) and 194 antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) were identified with merA and rpoB2 as the most abundant HMRG and ARG, respectively. We also compared the differences of heavy metal concentrations among the six sampling sites in the same tailing and found that significant differences exited in copper and zinc. Hierarchical cluster analysis showed that the samples from the six sampling sites were clustering in two groups based on heavy metal concentrations. Accordingly, clustering based on microbial composition and relative abundances of resistance genes exhibited the same clustering pattern, indicating a possible shaping influence of heavy metals on the microbiome and resistome in this tailing. Our work presented heavy metal contents, microbial composition and resistance genes in a copper mine tailing of the largest copper mine in China, and these data will of great use in the surveillance, maintenance, and remediation of this tailing.Microplastics (MPs) are abundant in marine environments, drawing global attention from scientists and rendering it significant to review the research progress and predict future trends of this field. To achieve that, we collected 1898 publications on marine MPs from Web of Science and performed a bibliometric analysis by CiteSpace and VOSviewer. Additionally, we utilized an unrestricted retrieval of literature from ScienceDirect to supplement our major findings. link3 Trends in publication numbers show the growth in study from the initial stage ( 2012 and before), when microplastic (MP) occurrence, abundance, and distribution were primarily investigated. Throughout the ascent stage (between 2013-2016), when diverse sampling and analytical methods were applied to capture and identify MPs from the ocean, baseline data have been gleaned on physiochemical properties of MPs. The research focus then shifted to the bioaccumulation and ecotoxicological effects of MPs on marine biota, further highlighting their potential deleterious impacts on human health via dietary exposure, and this period was defined as the exploration stage (2017 and onwards).