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Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis (anti-NMDARE) is the most common cause of autoimmune encephalitis in children with a wide spectrum of clinical presentation and MRI findings. A high index of suspicion is required to avoid a delay in treatment and long-term morbidity. We present a healthy two-year-old male who developed fever and viral prodrome symptoms that rapidly progressed to acute encephalopathy, status epilepticus, quadriparesis, and abnormal movements. Brain MRI showed symmetric involvement of bilateral insula, posterior part of basal ganglia, and thalami. The patient survived the acute phase with supportive therapy but ended up with a devastating neurologic sequela, including developmental delay, inability to communicate, dysphagia, quadriparesis, and cortical visual impairment. Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate (anti-NMDA) immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies were negative in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The patient underwent an extensive inflammatory, infectious, metabolic, and genetic workup, including a whole-exome sequence (WES) and mitochondrial panel, which was unremarkable. CSF studies were unremarkable. Repeated anti-NMDA IgG antibodies were positive in serum a year after the presentation. This presentation highlights the crucial role of early immunotherapy in suspected autoimmune encephalitis (AE) cases, even at a young age, to prevent devastating neurologic outcomes. Moreover, clinicians should not rely on antibody results to treat a suspected case of AE due to possible false-negative test results, and the majority of AE cases remain without known antibodies.Public health efforts over the past few months have been aimed at vaccinating young adults. Moderna and Pfizer COVID-19 vaccines are widely available options. Cutaneous reactions to these vaccines have been described as self-limiting and relatively immediate after vaccine administration. In this case report, we present a young adult who received the Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine and developed chronic, spontaneous urticaria.We present a case of a patient who presented to the emergency department with vague abdominal pain one month after undergoing a left atrial ablation procedure for atrial fibrillation. While in the emergency department, the patient started to have episodes of hematemesis. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) was performed and the patient become hypotensive and unresponsive after. Imaging confirmed atrioesophageal fistula and widespread cerebral air emboli and diffuse ischemia. Air emboli were likely introduced through the fistula during the EGD.There is a lower incidence of suicide in the Philippines compared to other developed/developing countries, but the trend has been increasing. This study aims to identify the correlates of suicide attempts in Filipino youth using the World Health Organization's 2015 Global School-Based Health Survey. All schools in the Philippines with grades 7-10 were included. A stratified sampling design was used, and participants were randomly sampled. Of the 8,761 students who participated in the survey, 16.2% have attempted suicide at least once in the past 12 months. The factors that increased the risk of suicide attempts include female gender, being physically attacked, getting bullied, feeling lonely, poor sleep, having few close friends, smoking, alcohol use, less physical activity, use of amphetamine/methamphetamine, and less parental supervision. The use of methamphetamine/amphetamine is the single best risk factor of suicide attempts among Filipino youth with OR= 4.6; 95% CI [3.8, 5.6].Background The operating room is a special place in a hospital structure, which has a very high psychological load and many moments of tension, often leading to difficulties in communication between the health professionals involved, as well as cases of verbal and physical violence. Purpose The purpose of the study was to investigate the existence of verbal violence in the operating rooms of three general hospitals in the Peloponnese region of Greece. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted of health professionals (physicians and nurses) employed in the operating rooms of three general hospitals in the Peloponnese region. For the data collection, the Verbal Abuse Scale questionnaire (VAS) was used. A total number of 80 questionnaires were self-completed and collected. The statistical analysis was performed with the SPSS Statistics software v.25 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). Results Regarding the frequency of verbal violence faced by health professionals, 36.8% of physicians stated that they experience verbal violence once a year whereas more than 20% of nurses reported that such incidents occur more than once a month (p=0.148). For the physicians, the abuser was usually their supervisor, while for the nurses, a physician. The majority of physicians stated that they felt mainly anger (2.94 ± 1.35), disgust (2.58 ± 1.54), and sadness/hurt (2.35 ± 1.37) after the verbal abuse, whereas most of the nurses felt anger (3.49 ± 1.39), disgust (3.05 ± 1.52) and frustration (2.95 ± 1.47). Conclusion Nurses are more often the victims of verbal abuse than physicians and are more likely to feel frustrated after experiencing verbal abuse. Gradual change to the organizational culture is an important measure to stop the occurrence of such incidents.Background Glomus jugulare tumors are rare slow-growing hypervascular tumors that arise from the paraganglia of the chemoreceptor system within the jugulare foramen of the temporal lobe. The historical standard treatment has been surgical resection, but because of their high vascularity and involvement with cranial nerves (CNs), Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) has been advocated as an alternative. The goal of this study is to update and report long-term results of GKRS to achieve local control and symptomatic improvement and to reduce morbidity and mortality when treating glomus jugulare tumors. Materials and Methods This study retrospectively collected and reviewed clinical and radiographic data of 32 patients with glomus jugulare tumors treated with GKRS at the Miami Neuroscience Center, South Miami, FL, from 1995 to 2019. For the 32 patients, the mean volume treated was 13.9 cc (0.23 to 40.0 cc), with an average of 8.6 isocenters. The median prescription dose was 12.84 Gy ± 2.07 Gy (range 10-20 Gy). Follow data confirm that GKRS is a reasonable upfront treatment option for glomus jugulare tumors. GKRS should be considered more frequently given its excellent long-term local control with low morbidity and risk of complications.Kidneys influence the production of red blood cells by secreting most of the erythropoietin (EPO) in adults. Consequently, renal diseases often impact erythropoiesis and hemoglobin levels. Chronic kidney diseases lead to anemia due to EPO deficiency. However, erythrocytosis can occur in patients with cystic diseases of the kidney and renal artery stenosis due to upregulation of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) and increased EPO production. Here, we present a patient with secondary polycythemia who was found to have atonic bladder and hydronephrosis. Resolution of hydronephrosis led to the reversal of erythrocytosis, highlighting the intricate regulation of red cell production.Glucocorticoids are commonly used to treat endocrine as well as non-endocrine disorders. [https://www.selleckchem.com/TGF-beta.html see more] Unfortunately, these agents are associated with multiple adverse effects affecting various organ systems. A 55-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension with no past psychiatric history was admitted to the hospital for acute hypoxic respiratory failure secondary to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia. The patient did not exhibit any psychiatric symptoms during the initial admission. However, she was re-admitted three days after the initial discharge, presenting with acute psychosis following the intravenous dexamethasone administration for seven days. Neuropsychiatric effects of glucocorticoids include depression, mania, agitation, mood lability, anxiety, insomnia, catatonia, depersonalization, delirium, dementia, and psychosis. Clinicians should be aware of the acute neuropsychiatric side effects of corticosteroids and evaluate patients for delirium if clinically indicated. Further research is needed to identify the pathophysiology and predisposing factors contributing to neuropsychiatric side effects of corticosteroid administration. The use of atypical antipsychotics in the management of these sequelae needs to be explored as well.Evidence of the effectiveness of statins, the lipid-lowering agents in retarding the progression of Multiple Sclerosis (MS), a disabling neurological disease with autoimmune etiology, have been highlighted in animal studies and observational studies. The proposed immune-modulatory actions and neuroprotective effects of statins make them a promising treatment option for MS that needs to be explored further. In this systematic review, we aim to investigate the role of different statins as monotherapy or in combination with the established MS medications in improving the clinical and radiological course of MS variants, including optic neuritis, using randomized controlled trials (RCTs). We systematically searched PubMed, PubMed Central (PMC), MEDLINE, Cochrane library, and Scopus databases using regular keywords and medical subject headings terms. Randomized controlled trials of any statin used in any variants of MS, including studies on statins used in optic neuritis published up to April 2021, were included intablished MS therapies.Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is a rare pathological condition of the brain in which the ventricles are enlarged due to cerebrospinal fluid accumulation and is associated with normal opening pressure on lumbar puncture with a large-volume cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tap. This results in three classical symptoms mental impairment, gait disturbance, and urinary or fecal incontinence. We present a case of idiopathic NPH in which a 64-year-old retired man with diabetes was brought to the emergency department after recurrent previous falls. The patient complained of an unsteady gait and presented with the typical triad of NPH which is mental impairment, gait disturbance, and incontinence. The patient was a known diabetic, and his gait was characterized by shuffling, bradykinesia, and mild drifting toward the right side. A head computed tomography scan revealed brain tissue volume loss, with disproportionate dilation of the lateral and third ventricles. A lumbar puncture with a large-volume CSF tapping produced normal opening pressure (18 mmHg); thus, the diagnosis of NPH was made. The patient underwent shunt surgery, and his balance and memory improved significantly after the procedure. Also, no event of fecal incontinence occurred. NPH resembles several neurodegenerative disorders. Due to this, it can be difficult to diagnose. Emergency physicians, as frontline healthcare providers, may encounter such cases.NPH should be considered in patients presenting with an unsteady gait, memory impairment, and urinary or fecal incontinence by taking a detailed history and conducting a physical examination to prevent future complications.