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A total of 58 patients were included in the study, among which 36 (62%) were treated with a SMP technique and 22 (38%) with an IFP technique. At the 24-month follow-up timepoint, the SN-N distance was significantly shorter (*P&lt;0.05) in the SMP group, with a significantly smaller elongation of the lower pole arc (29.5% increase in length in the SMP group and 40.9% in the IFP group). Aesthetic result gave significantly higher mean VAS score for SMP patients compared to IFP patients.<br /><br /> The SMP technique provides stable and satisfactory results in term of breast shape, overcoming some of the major concerns related to the use of an IFP technique (lower pole elongation and ptosis recurrence), maintaining a superimposable complication rate.<br /><br />The SMP technique provides stable and satisfactory results in term of breast shape, overcoming some of the major concerns related to the use of an IFP technique (lower pole elongation and ptosis recurrence), maintaining a superimposable complication rate.<br /><br /> Bioresorbable alloplastic implants have become desirable as a rigid buttress for reconstructing skull base defects. This study aimed to describe the use of a biodegradable plate (PolyMax RAPID) in skull base repair of endoscopic endonasal pituitary surgery and to investigate the clinical outcome and safety of this novel method.<br /><br /> Between January 2019 and January 2020, 22 patients with pituitary adenomas who underwent endoscopic skull base repair with a Polymax RAPID plate were included. After endonasal transsphenoidal surgery, a trimmed bioresorbable plate was placed in the position between the dura and the bone of the skull base to reconstruct the sellar floor and buttress the pituitary gland and sellar packing. The patient demographics, radiologic imaging, and postoperative outcomes were carefully reviewed. All patients were followed up by a routine nasal endoscopic assessment and radiologic examinations.<br /><br /> The present study comprised 10 (45.5%) males and 12 (54.4%) females with an average age of 51.9 yeaer endonasal transsphenoidal pituitary surgery.<br /><br /> Pre-pectoral implant breast reconstruction (IBR) is gaining popularity. Several techniques using different types of meshes and methods of placement have been described, but no method is currently considered standard. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of pre-pectoral IBR using acellular dermal matrix (ADM) for anterior implant cover.<br /><br /> Retrospective cohort study of consecutive patients who underwent pre-pectoral IBR between November 2016 to August 2018. Data on demographics, adjuvant therapies and operative technique was collected. Postoperative complications, length of hospital stay and secondary cosmetic procedures were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, non-parametric tests and logistic regression.<br /><br /> One hundred and eleven pre-pectoral IBR were performed in 65 patients. Median age was 41 [interquartile range (IQR), 35-51.5] years, and BMI 22 (IQR, 20.4-24.4) kg/m<br /><br /> . Therapeutic mastectomy was performed in 33 procedures with nipples preservation in 78 cases. The median mastectomy weight and implant volume was 360 (IQR, 220-533) gr, and 445 (IQR, 400-475) cc respectively. At a median follow-up of 18 (IQR, 12-22.5) months, 37 mastectomies had at least 1 complication, but only 12 required surgery. The implant loss rate was 4.5% (5 cases). Lipofilling as secondary procedure was performed in 10.8% of cases. Factors associated with post-operative complications on univariate analysis were nipple preservation (P=0.028), BMI (P=0.01) and implant volume (P=0.027) but these did not remain significant on multivariate analysis.<br /><br /> Pre-pectoral IBR using ADM for anterior implant cover is associated with low complication and reconstructive failure rate. Patient selection and meticulous surgical technique are important for successful outcome.<br /><br />Pre-pectoral IBR using ADM for anterior implant cover is associated with low complication and reconstructive failure rate. Patient selection and meticulous surgical technique are important for successful outcome.<br /><br /> Mitoxantrone hydrochloride injection for lymph tracing (MHI) is a novel lymphatic tracer for sentinel lymph node (SLN) in patients with early breast cancer but exhibited remarkable liver, kidney, and hematologic toxicities in previous studies. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/pyridostatin-trifluoroacetate-salt.html Pyridostatin] Here, the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics profiles of MHI were evaluated to surmise safety and tolerability.<br /><br /> Phase 1 open-label, single center, and dose escalation study was performed. Ten patients with invasive breast cancer received 0.5, 1.0, or 2.0 mL of MHI into the breast tissues surrounding the tumor for lymphatic mapping. All of these patients were injected with 2 mCi nuclide-labeled sulfur colloid as a self-control 24 to 48 hours before surgery. Safety was assessed by the incidence of adverse events graded by the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria, version 4.0.3 (CTCAE4.0.3). Blood samples for pharmacokinetic analyses were collected before and after administration at 15, 30, 60, 120, and 240 min of the injection of MHI.<br /><br /> Up to the cer, more investigations of MHI should be performed for further evaluations. (Chinadrugtrials.org.cn number CXHL1301201, Date of registration October 12, 2015.).<br /><br />At a dose of up to 2.0 mL, MHI was well tolerated and safe for conducting SLN biopsies in patients with breast cancer. Although there was a case with blue discoloration of the local skin over the injection site after the operation, and remained for a short period of time, but the overall safety was acceptable. Here, we approached a novel SLN tracing slant; however, more investigations of MHI should be performed for further evaluations. (Chinadrugtrials.org.cn number CXHL1301201, Date of registration October 12, 2015.).<br /><br /> Ratio of carbohydrate antigen 19-9 level to total bilirubin (CA19-9/TB) is used to reduce the influence of obstructive jaundice on the concentration of CA19-9, thereby determining the correlation between CA19-9/TB and tumor recurrence or long-term prognosis of patients with pancreatic head cancer (PHC).<br /><br /> In this study, a total of 339 patients were enrolled. The optimal cut-off value of CA19-9/TB was determined by ROC curve based on preoperative CA19-9/TB and 1-year survival, and the patients were divided into low-ratio group (Group 1) and high-ratio group (Group 2) accordingly. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to screen out the risk factors affecting postoperative recurrence and long-term prognosis of PHC.<br /><br /> The best cut-off value of CA19-9/TB was 7.7. [area under curve (AUC), 0.599, 95% CI 0.533-0.666] Compared with Group 1, Group 2 had lower CA19-9, higher TB and lymph node metastasis rate (P&lt;0.05). link2 The 1-, 2- and 3-year disease-free survival (DFS) rates of patients in Group 1 and Group 2 were 70.1%, 44.3% and 30.8%, 39.9%, 17.1% and 13.6%, respectively (P=0.000), and the 1-, 2- and 3-year overall survival (OS) rates were 81.5%, 52.1% and 31.5%, 53.7%, 20.5% and 14.2%, respectively (P=0.000). Multivariate analysis showed that CA19-9/TB, portal vein invasion and lymph node metastasis were independent risk factors for postoperative tumor recurrence and long-term survival of PHC.<br /><br /> Compared with CA19-9 alone, CA19-9/TB is more valuable in judging postoperative tumor recurrence and long-term survival of PHC. The lower the ratio, the better the long-term prognosis.<br /><br />Compared with CA19-9 alone, CA19-9/TB is more valuable in judging postoperative tumor recurrence and long-term survival of PHC. The lower the ratio, the better the long-term prognosis.<br /><br /> Surgical management of mega-goiters in endemic areas with extreme iodine deficiency presents unique challenges. Based on our initial 5-year experience (2007 to 2011) operating on mega-goiters in Gitwe, Rwanda, Africa, we modified our technique to a lateral approach which affords better exposure of the superior pole vessels and other vital neurovascular structures, thereby improving safety. We describe this lateral approach technique and review outcomes compared to the standard technique.<br /><br /> From 2007 to 2019, we have conducted 13 annual surgical missions to low resource setting in Gitwe, Rwanda. Retrospective chart review of surgeries between 2012 and 2019 was performed to study outcomes using standard approach and lateral technique during the same time period.<br /><br /> Over a period of 8 years (2012 to 2019), out of 192 total cases, lateral approach was used in 35 patients. No patient experienced significant intra-operative blood loss requiring transfusion. One patient had a post-operative hematoma requiring surgical intervention. Vocal cord mobility testing by transcutaneous laryngeal ultrasound was implemented in 2016. Of all patients, incidence of vocal cord weakness was 8.0% (11/137 patients tested) with less than 1/3 of these symptomatic. There was no statistically significant difference in vocal cord weakness noted in the two approaches (3/23 in lateral approach and 8/114 in standard approach) by Fisher's exact test (P=0.34).<br /><br /> Lateral approach, by affording optimal exposure of the great vessels and the laryngeal nerves, reduces the risk of bleeding and nerve injury. Furthermore, inferiorly based strap muscle flap provides excellent coverage and cosmetic outcome.<br /><br />Lateral approach, by affording optimal exposure of the great vessels and the laryngeal nerves, reduces the risk of bleeding and nerve injury. Furthermore, inferiorly based strap muscle flap provides excellent coverage and cosmetic outcome.<br /><br /> Thyroid nodule size is one of the key parameters that determines the operative approach for thyroid carcinoma. It is necessary to evaluate the influence of nodule size on the aggressiveness of thyroid carcinoma. The eighth edition of staging system has updated the prognostic age cutoff from 45 to 55 years old. It is needed to re-evaluate the difference in aggressiveness of thyroid carcinoma between younger (&lt;55 years old) and older (≥55 years old) patients. Importantly, whether the influence of nodule size on the aggressiveness of thyroid carcinoma varies according to the new age stratification remains to be explored.<br /><br /> Medical records from patients were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with a documented thyroid ultrasonography (US), US-guided fine needle aspiration (FNA) and histopathology were included. The risks of unfavorable events such as central-compartment neck lymph node (CLN) metastasis, lateral-compartment neck lymph node (LLN) metastasis and gross extrathyroidal extension (ETE) were analyzese findings contribute to accurately assessing the prognosis of individual patient and developing a better management strategy.<br /><br /> There have been few reports of robotic-assisted transaxillary parathyroidectomy in the literature. We aim to report our experience with robotic-assisted transaxillary parathyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) in the Western population.<br /><br /> A retrospective study was performed from July 2010 through July 2019 at two institutions, one in the United States and one in France. Demographic characteristics and perioperative data were collected for all patients undergoing robotic-assisted transaxillary parathyroidectomy by a single surgeon at each institution. A linear regression model was developed to describe the learning curve for this procedure at each institution.<br /><br /> One-hundred and two patients with PHPT were included with a median age of 55.6±12.4 years and median body mass index (BMI) of 25.5±6.1 kg/m<br /><br /> . The majority of patients were female (80.4%). Median total operative time was 116±53 minutes. link3 Minor complications were reported in 2 patients (1.96%), and one case was converted to a trans-cervical approach (TCA) for four-gland exploration.